TMC Trading International: A Dublin-based and Irish-registered company which acted as sales agent for the Russian titanium producer company, Avisma. Company said its beneficial owner is Mr Peter Bond. Other players dispute this.

The Dublin company is a subsidiary of an Isle of Man company.

TMC Holdings: an Isle of Man-based company. The parent company of TMC Trading International.

TMC Trading Ltd: Company incorporated in the British Virgin Islands with a registered place of business in the Isle of Man. The Dublin-based TMC was said in the Irish court case to act as an agent for the British Virgin Islands company.

Avisma: Siberian-based Russian titanium producing-company. Now owned by Russian company VSMPO. Former majority shareholders were a group of US investors, including Kenneth Dart. Before that it was owned by Bank Menatep and its industrial holding group Rosprom.

Bank Menatep: Russian bank which owned Avisma at one stage before it sold its stake to the group of US investors. Court filings allege that bank controlled TMC and used it to divert profits from Avisma.

Valmet Group: International company which provides fiduciary and administration services for offshore companies. Bank Menatep has a stake, but this is currently being bought out by the Valmet management. Company has acted for many emerging Russian companies and was approached by Avisma when it needed a new trading agent. Valmet has an office in Christchurch Square in Dublin.

Peter Bond: An Isle of Man resident who joined Valmet as its managing director in the Isle of Man 10 years ago. He is the ultimate beneficial owner of TMC through a family trust, according to TMC. This is disputed by the current owners of Avisma.

Kenneth Dart: Wealthy US investor who is now an Irish citizen. Family money came from invention of styrofoam.