CHECK-UP:If you suspect you have Crohn's disease, you must have it medically diagnosed, writes Marion Kerr
I HAVE been experiencing diarrhoea and stomach pain for a number of weeks. Having researched my symptoms on the internet I think I have Crohn's disease. How can I be sure this is what I've got?
Crohn's disease is an inflammatory condition of the digestive system. It can occur in any area of the digestive tract from the mouth to the rectum but most commonly affects the lower section of the small intestine.
Although the exact cause of the condition is not yet known, both genetic and environmental factors are thought to be involved. The condition appears to be related to the body over-reacting to normal bacteria in the intestine leading to chronic inflammation of the digestive system.
There may be many causes for the symptoms, so you need to consult your doctor for a definitive diagnosis. A physical examination and other tests including blood tests, stool examination, barium enema, colonoscopy or endoscopy may be required to confirm the cause of your symptoms. A CT scan or MRI scan may also be carried out. You should always seek medical assistance if you suspect you have symptoms of Crohn's disease, or if you have been diagnosed with the condition and your symptoms do not respond to treatment.
What is the most common age for Crohn's disease to develop and how is it treated?
Although the disease can occur at any age, the most common time is 15-35 years. Risk factors include having a family history of the condition, smoking and Jewish ancestry. The most common symptoms include crampy abdominal pain, a raised temperature, fatigue and persistent, watery diarrhoea.
Other symptoms may include constipation, flatulence, abdominal fullness, loss of appetite, pain on passing stools and rectal bleeding. Skin rashes, joint pain, kidney stones and unintentional weight loss have also been reported by some sufferers. Inflammation in the joints, nutritional deficiencies and eye lesions may also occur.
Treatment will depend on the location and severity of the disease and symptoms experienced. Medical treatment includes the use of medicines to control inflammation and drugs which block an immune system chemical that promotes inflammation. Surgery is usually required to treat more serious complications such as bleeding, fistulas, abscess, infections and narrowing of the intestine and bowel obstruction. No specific diet has been shown to improve Crohn's disease, but it is wise to avoid any foods that worsen your symptoms.