The bad news about trials

Only one or two of every 10,000 promising substances will successfully pass extensive testing in the research and development…

Only one or two of every 10,000 promising substances will successfully pass extensive testing in the research and development phase to be approved as a marketable drug.

The estimated cost of developing a new medicine is £560 million. This takes approximately 15 years from laboratory to licence (passing through pre-clinical, clinical and regulatory approval phases).

There is still no adequate therapy for three-quarters of the 2,500 medical conditions currently recognised.