Iran has charged three Iranian-Americans with spying, a judiciary spokesman said today.
The judiciary spokesman said the three facing spy charges were academic Haleh Esfandiari, social scientist Kian Tajbakhsh and journalist Parnaz Azima. Under Iran's Islamic sharia law, the charge could carry the death sentence.
Tehran accuses Washington of using intellectuals and others inside the country to undermine the Islamic state through what it calls "velvet revolution". The United States has dismissed the accusation.
Iran has arrested, detained or prevented a number of U.S.-Iranian citizens from leaving the country, including Esfandiari, the director of the US Woodrow Wilson International Centre for Scholars' Middle East program.
Washington has condemned the arrest of Esfandiari, detained on May 8 for acting against national security and spying.
Judiciary spokesman Alireza Jamshidi said the Intelligence Ministry was investigating the case of Tajbakhsh."Tajbakhsh's charges are acting against Iran's national security ... and spying for foreigners," Jamshidi told a weekly news conference.
"The intelligence ministry has launched the complaint against him and investigations are at preliminary stages."
The New York-based Open Society Institute said last week the social scientist and urban planner had been arrested and imprisoned in Iran around May 11.
Azima, a reporter for US-funded Radio Farda, has also been kept from leaving Iran, although the judiciary spokesman said Azima was not under arrest.
"Azima is ... free. But she faces the same charges (acting against national security and spying)," Jamshidi said.
Another Iranian-American, Ali Shakeri, is also believed to have been banned from leaving Iran, but Jamshidi said he had neither been arrested nor charged. A Californian institute with which Shakeri is affiliated says he has not been heard of since March.