SWEDEN:Robert Anderson reports from Södertälje, an industrial town near Stockholm that is home to a large community of Iraqi Christian refugees
NADER WILL not give his real name but he does not hide why he chose Sweden as a refuge after Islamic gunmen threatened to murder him unless he fled Mosul in northern Iraq.
"Sweden is the only country that accepts immigrants and gives them permission to bring their families," says the 39-year-old Christian doctor, whose wife paid a ransom of $50,000 to kidnappers to have him released. "This is the reason most Iraqis come here."
Sweden has a long history of welcoming refugees and over the past few decades, large immigrant communities have emerged from many of the world's trouble spots. They now make up 12 per cent of the population.
However, there is mounting concern that the country is accepting more than its fair share of refugees and that this is proving an impossible burden on towns like Södertälje, the destination of most Iraqi Christian asylum-seekers.
The country is home to 80,000 Iraqis, making them the country's third largest foreign-born community. Since 2005, the pace of the influx has quickened as the security situation inside Iraq has worsened and families members have rejoined those who had already won asylum.
Most Muslim Iraqis have congregated in Malmö, Gothenberg and Stockholm, while Christian Iraqis - a smaller minority - have gone to Södertälje, near Stockholm.
"The problem is that only Sweden is open to refugees from Iraq; it is the only country that has a generous system for family reunions," says Anders Lago, Södertälje's Social Democrat mayor. "It's necessary to have a stop," he adds.
As an industrial town of 83,600 people, it has found a home for 6,000 Christian Iraqi immigrants over the past five years.
Last year a record 1,200 arrived and another 1,000 are expected this year. Proportionally, it accepts more Iraqi immigrants than any other town in Sweden.
Södertälje has welcomed Christians fleeing repressive regimes or war in the Middle East since the 1960s. The community numbers some 18,000, a fifth of the population.
In many respects, the integration of Iraqis in Södertälje is more successful than elsewhere. Many have set up successful businesses: Mr Lago says 100 restaurants in Stockholm are owned by Södertälje immigrants.
Elsewhere in Sweden, Muslim Iraqis have found it more difficult to integrate. Overall almost a third of Iraqi-born immigrants are unemployed.
However, Södertälje is struggling to cope with the recent influx and the council has appealed to the government for help.
Migration minister Tobias Billström argues that the European Union needs a common interpretation of asylum rules to avoid burdening countries such as Sweden with more than their fair share of immigrants.
Moreover, some native Swedes are unhappy about the impact the immigrants are having on their towns. Already 40 per cent of Södertälje's population are first- or second-generation immigrants; in a few years they will become a majority.
There is little interaction between the communities. The 1970s-built housing estates in the Ronna and Housjö suburbs of Södertälje have become virtually immigrant-only areas.
Extreme right-wing parties are capitalising on this, having made inroads in town councils in Södertälje and also in southern Sweden. Several opinion polls have indicated that the anti- immigrant Sweden Democrats could pass the 4 per cent threshold to enter parliament at the 2010 election.
Courts have started to take a stricter approach to asylum claims, demanding proof that each Iraqi is personally at risk of persecution.
This has slowed down the processing of claims and Nader has been waiting eight months to hear if the authorities believe his story.
Tougher measures are currently off the agenda but both the government and the Social Democrats agree that the immigration issue will soon have to be debated.
"The risk of a backlash is greater if we don't have a discussion of the problems," says Mr Lago. "As Södertälje is today, Sweden will be in 10-15 years." - (Financial Times service)