1 Skilled learners are motivated and positive about learning. They seek knowledge and understanding and avoid failure.

2 They survey the task before starting, analyse its components and the relationships of the parts of the task. They define their goals and develop appropriate learning strategies.

3 They evaluate their progress visa-vis their goals and the effectiveness of the learning methods used.

4 They have and apply a variety of learning strategies and are willing to switch from one to another. If you use one approach and it doesn't work, it won't work the second time.

5 They are familiar with their own strengths and weaknesses. They use personal strengths to achieve success and learn how to compensate for their weaknesses.

6 They assume that effective learning is based on effort and not on ability.

7 They learn from their own past learning experiences

8 They learn from good learning models - teachers, peers. They examine areas where they are successful learners and ask how they can use the same approaches in other areas.

9 They go beyond the information given and think about the issues involved. They organise the information and relate it to past experience and knowledge. They evaluate the information and ask: do I believe it? why? can I use it? where and how?

10 They are persistent and remain undeterred by short-term failures. They focus on the goal and not on the time and effort required to achieve it.