President François Hollande yesterday attributed the strength of the pro-independence movement in Scotland to the failings of the European Union.
"Europe must ask this question . . . Why is Europe not capable of creating a federating project in which everyone could find their identity," Mr Hollande told a press conference. "We didn't make Europe to get to this point, for there to be deconstruction of nations."
The idea of "getting smaller, allegedly to be stronger" was "the very opposite of the European ideal", Mr Hollande said. "The referendum in Scotland may decide not only the future of the United Kingdom, but also the future of the EU. There's a risk of Europe falling apart."
Mr Hollande spoke at length about the fight against Islamic State (IS), one of the few issues on which there is consensus. France carried out reconnaissance flights over Iraq twice this week, he said. "As soon as we have identified targets, we will act. It won't be long." He excluded sending French ground troops, or bombing IS in Syria. "We cannot, despite the presence of IS in Syria, give help to the dictator Bashar al-Assad," he said.
Journalists freed
US and British officials have criticised France for “buying out” hostages. Four French journalists were freed by IS at Easter. Asked why French hostages were freed, while US and British hostages are beheaded, Mr Hollande said: “France does not pay ransom. Nor does France exchange prisoners. That doesn’t mean other countries don’t do it to help us. I concede that.” Referring to the French journalists in Syria, he added, “We did everything we could and we succeeded because other countries helped us.”
The far right National Front (FN) won European elections in May. Mr Hollande stressed that the FN has been strong for 30 years, and that extreme right-wing parties have grown in Scandinavia, Austria, Belgium and the Netherlands. “I observe that Madame [Marine] Le Pen’s party was not able to form a group in the European Parliament. Even the extreme rights in Europe don’t want to be associated with the French extreme right.
Anxiety and fears
“Do we bear a responsibility?” Mr Hollande continued. “Yes, because we haven’t responded sufficiently to the anxiety and fears of those who live in poor neighbourhoods, who fear immigration, who can’t stand those who think differently . . . There is a responsibility of those who govern.”
To address the concerns of the French working class, who vote in the highest proportions for the FN, the government this week announced that it will do away with income tax on the lowest tranche of wage-earners – nine million people comprising one-third of French taxpayers. Citizens must not feel abandoned, Mr Hollande said. “I prefer anger to silence, because anger is still a form of contact. With silence, there is no hope.”
Former president Nicolas Sarkozy, whom Mr Hollande defeated in 2012, is expected to announce his candidacy to lead the conservative UMP party on Sunday. It wasn't his place to comment, Mr Hollande said. "I am not going to be dragged into a fight. I am not a candidate. I am the president. I am not going to replay the 2012 campaign."
Mr Hollande admitted that “results [from his economic policies] are slow in coming”. But, he asserted, “They will come . . . I hope before 2017.” He rejected the policies of the FN, which he described as “Leave the euro zone and close the borders.” The right’s desire to save €150 billion in government spending, end the 35-hour week and raise the retirement age to 65 was not feasible. Nor was renegade socialists’ desire to let deficits run unchecked.
Swinging left
The reforms Mr Hollande listed yesterday have been timid. Having espoused social democracy and supply side economics in his January 14th press conference, he now gives the impression of swinging left in the hope of salvaging his shrinking majority. “Our German friends are perfectly right to remind us at every opportunity to make reforms,” he said. “They say: ‘Make the reforms that chancellor Schroeder made in his time.’ . . . We don’t have the same social system. They can’t ask us to do in five years what our German friends did in 10 years, in a much more favourable economic context.”
