Tesla, Elon Musk's 17-year-old upstart carmaker, took a giant step toward blue-chip respectability on Monday, getting named to one of the world's most famous stock indexes in an action that will greatly broaden its investor base.
The announcement that Tesla will enter the S&P 500 on December 21st follows months of speculation, and one temporary setback, after the stock failed to make the cut during the index’s quarterly rebalancing in early September.
The anticipation has helped drive a nearly fivefold rally in the stock this year to almost $390 billion, making the electric vehicle pioneer the biggest company ever to be added to the gauge.
It will also be one of the index's most influential constituents with a weighting that falls around those of Berkshire Hathaway, Johnson & Johnson and Procter and Gamble.
It’s so big that S&P Dow Jones Indices said it is seeking feedback from the investment community to determine if Tesla should be added all at once or in two separate pieces. The company that Tesla is to replace in the index will be named later, the index provider said.
Tesla shares rose as much as 15 per cent to $467.50 in extended New York trading on the news, and gained 9.6 per cent on Germany’s Tradegate exchange versus Monday’s New York close.
"This was a little unexpected happy day for me," said Ross Gerber, chief executive officer at Gerber Kawasaki. Tesla is the top holding for the Santa Monica, California-based wealth management firm, with approximately 130,000 shares worth about $55 million as of Monday's close.
After analysing the index just last week, “it was just kind of mind blowing that Tesla still wasn’t in the S&P”, said Mr Gerber. “So sure enough, here it is.”
While entry into the benchmark is a rite of maturity that may dim some of Tesla’s cult stock appeal, membership comes with benefits, including forced purchases by index-tracking investors and mutual funds.
The inclusion and the rapid rally over the past few months mean money managers overseeing passive funds will have to sell tens of billions of dollars worth of shares in their existing S&P holdings to make room for Palo Alto, California-based Tesla. On the other hand, longtime investors looking to exit their positions may now try to get out, knowing that index funds have to buy.
These crosscurrents may mean more trading volatility, though that is not new for Tesla. Ever since going public in 2010, the company’s popularity with Musk acolytes and legions of day traders has made it one of the more volatile stocks of its size in America.
A steadier, more institutional ownership base could help to eventually ease those swings.
Tesla has solidified its position as the leading electric carmaker globally, even though competition is slowly heating up.
It has overcome challenges including sometimes-severe production snarls, a massive cash burn rate and concerns about the demand for battery-powered vehicles in an industry dominated by gas-powered cars.
In mid-September, Tesla reported a fifth consecutive quarterly profit, quieting critics who questioned its ability to make money.
Indeed, all it had taken was Musk hinting at the second-quarter profit – the company’s fourth consecutive profitable quarter – in a letter to employees in late June to trigger a 66 per cent surge in the stock over a span of 17 trading days, since the results checked off the last requirement for S&P 500 inclusion.
Tesla’s sky-high share price also prompted a five-for-one stock split, a move aimed at making it more accessible to individual investors. The shares started trading on a split-adjusted basis on August 31st.
"We believe the sustained profitability trajectory as evidenced in the September quarter was the final straw that got Musk and Co into the S&P 500 this time around," Wedbush Securities analyst Daniel Ives wrote in a note to investors. He has a neutral rating on the stock.
Joining one of the world’s most exclusive clubs is a validation for Musk and his unorthodox management style. His chief lieutenants are little known and rarely made available to the media or investors, and Musk courts controversy like few other corporate captains.
He has picked fights with securities analysts, smoked marijuana during an interview and been sued for fraud by securities regulators for tweets claiming he had “funding secured” to take the company private.
He also has complained more than once that Tesla’s stock price is too high. But that hasn’t deterred investors.
New vehicle development
Tesla has tapped into that investor goodwill with multiple secondary share offerings over the past decade, raising $14 billion through February and another $5 billion in September. That’s helped it fund new vehicle development and rapidly expand manufacturing capacity.
Musk's latest mission is to make Tesla more of a global player in markets such as Asia and Europe. The automaker recently opened a plant in Shanghai and is building a factory in Berlin, which Musk visited last week for meetings with local officials.
Tesla also has a second US plant under construction near Austin, Texas, which is expected to expand the company’s model range to include a pickup called the Cybertruck.
Musk is intent on cementing first-mover advantage in the market for EVs as the entire auto industry shifts to embrace electric powertrains, and his company's valuation on November 13th was larger than Volkswagen, Toyota Motor and General Motors combined.
While Tesla is being rewarded by investors for dominating the global electric-car market, demand is still a small fraction of new vehicle sales – amounting to less than 3 per cent of US sales last year. That presents plenty of growth opportunity, but illustrates the challenge of making battery-powered cars more of a mainstream choice.
Still, the company’s recent success and its burgeoning valuation has also forced a spotlight on the entire electric vehicle space, sparking a surge in shares of several new entrants, some of whom still have a ways to go before production begins.
Shares of China's Nio rose 44 per cent in October, and the company currently commands a market value that is bigger than GM. – Bloomberg
