Better genetics in beef cattle breeding could cut Irish agriculture’s carbon dioxide emissions by 13 per cent on their own, scientists working for beef processor Larry Goodman insist.
The findings from research undertaken by Mr Goodman’s company Anglo Beef Processors (ABP) come amid farming disquiet after the Government set binding targets for a 25 per cent cut by 2030 in emissions from the sector.
Farmers insist the target is far too onerous, saying it would erode their income and inflict serious damage on the rural economy.
However, a study carried out by ABP of more than 4,000 animals showed that emissions could be cut 13 per cent with a better genetic match between bull and cow.
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The research project aims to identify the most suitable bull for crossing into a herd, producing a “more efficient” animal for the farmer.
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Such animals eat less feed and are reared more quickly. By coming to maturity sooner they can be slaughtered earlier, reducing the carbon footprint. Better carcass quality also boosts farmer revenue.
“Improved genetics allows the animals to grow faster through better feed conversion and as a result they are ready for market at a younger age, reducing emissions significantly,” ABP said.
“The findings have the potential to play a significant role in helping Ireland’s agriculture sector reach the targets set out under the climate Act and are applicable across different beef production systems.”
ABP carried out the work in partnership with Teagasc, the State agency for agricultural research, and the Irish Cattle Breeding Federation, a non-profit industry body.
The federation is already using research findings based on six years of data from more than 4,000 animals in cattle-breeding indices on its database.
Such data helps farmers to select more profitable beef calves from the dairy herd. Some 153 beef sires have been tested through the programme and more than 200,000 cattle have been sired.
In ABP’s assessment, using genetic data for better breeding opens potential for improved farmer returns “of up to €200″ per animal. That estimate was calculated through weight differentials coupled with prices and market bonuses. Pricing depends on animal types. But data shows the average price last for O3 grade steer – representative of dairy beef cattle – was in the region of €1,500.
Advocates of genetic selection say such procedures can cost farmers little, with the ICBF offering a subscription service providing dairy and beef herd owners with genetic data to improve herd quality.
“It is important to note that there is no extra cost to farmers when they choose bulls with improved genetic traits,” ABP said.
The findings were welcomed by Martin Heydon, Minister of State for Agriculture with responsibility for research: “As demonstrated on this farm, adoption of cutting-edge research and technologies can deliver for both emissions reductions and farmers’ bottom lines.”
Data provided by ABP suggests the progeny of bulls in the “Gene Ireland” programme were 2.4kg heavier and 36 days younger at slaughter than comparable animals, with 1.3 per cent more carcasses achieving higher-quality pricing grades when processed.
The carbon footprint was based on generating the animal’s growth profile and dietary requirement.
Company data points to potential to cut emissions by 260,000 tonnes across 1.3 million prime cattle.
