Occupational Hazards: Workplace bullying is common. It involves verbal, psychological or physical aggression which takes place on an ongoing basis, writes Dr Muiris Houston
Bullying is recognised as a workplace hazard by the Health and Safety Authority. There is now a body of case law, principally from the Employment Appeals Tribunal (EAT), which has helped to define the responsibilities of employers and employees in the area of bullying and workplace harassment.
Bullying can dramatically affect a victim's health. Principal symptoms include headaches, raised blood pressure, loss of appetite and fatigue. Its psychological impact includes crying and irritability, progressing to panic attacks and full-blown depression.
You should never ignore bullying. It is an unacceptable form of workplace stress, readily prevented by employers putting in place a harassment policy. This should state clearly that management will not tolerate bullying. It must clearly define what constitutes bullying or sexual harassment and should actively seek to promote awareness among employees of the steps open to them if they feel they are encountering a problem.
The best treatment for bullying is prevention. In cases that have progressed to the stage where the person's health is compromised, treatment will first of all address specific symptoms. Depression and panic attacks will require psychological treatment - in the form of cognitive behavioural therapy - and drug treatment may also be necessary.
The case of Philip, a non-national working in the computer industry, is typical. He found himself being bullied by a number of co-workers. The abuse took several forms including verbal aggression and physical interference with his belongings and lunch. Over a period of time he began to miss work due to feelings of anxiety and depression.
A co-worker who was not involved in the abuse brought the issue to the attention of management which took immediate disciplinary action against the bullies and provided counselling was provided to Philip.
The prompt action of the company sent a clear message to the workforce that bullying would not be tolerated.