Keeping a migraine diary is one of the most effective methods of self-help and can help people identify what is triggering migraines, according to the Migraine Association of Ireland.
The diary should be a methodical record of the person's daily life over a period of months.
"Stay away from chocolate, cheese and wine and you'll be fine!" is one of the myths about migraine that the association is hoping to dispel. In fact, it is estimated that only about 20-30 per cent of migraine attacks are triggered by dietary factors.
The diary should also include details of what the weather is like, if you have received good or bad news or had to travel more than usual and what your sleeping habits are.
"Migraine sufferers generally like a standard routine, getting up at the same time, eating at the same times. It is important that sleeping patterns are kept constant," says Mr Peter Murphy, chief executive of the Migraine Association of Ireland.
Keep the diary for six to eight attacks, then look back over the 48 hours prior to each one to see if any pattern emerges, the association advises. This may also be of help to a GP or a clinic.
Diaries may also heighten awareness of warning signs such as change of mood, excessive yawning and increases in weight. These signs may prompt people to take early action to prevent or lessen an attack.
Trigger check list:
• Anxiety, worry, emotion, depression, excitement, tiredness, physical or mental fatigue;
• Change of routine, e.g. holidays, shift-work or change of job;
• Late rising, especially at weekends or on holiday;
• Travel;
• Certain foods: fried foods, chocolate, citrus fruits, pastry, cheese;
• Alcohol, especially red wine;
• Prolonged lack of food - fasting or dieting;
• Irregular meals;
• Menstruation and the days before menstruation;
• Menopause;
• High blood pressure;
• Continued use of the Pill.